Method and apparatus for making overlay and underlay paper



Feb. 13, 1923. 1,445,386.

H. N. CA-SE.

METHODAND APPABATUS FOR MAKING OVERLAY AND UNDERLAY PAPER;

Patented Feb. 113, 119 23. I I in i araar v caries.

HENRY N. CASE, OF OAK PARK, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO SEARS, ROEBUCK AND 00., OF

' CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR, MAKING OVERLAY AND UNDER AYPAPER.

I Application filed March 5, 1919. Serial no. 280,750.

To all whom it may concern: tween the two compartments. The tank 4 c it known that I, HENRY N. CAsE, a is filled by pouring the coating material intov citizen of the United States, residing at the compartment 6. 4 isadrain opening in Oak Park, in the county of Cook and 'btate the tank 4 for use in draining or cleaning 5 of Illinois, have invented certain new and the tank, sald opening being normally closed useful Improvements in Methods and A by a plug 4". Anysuitable means may be aratus for Making Qverlay and Underlay provided for heating the contents of thetank aper, of which the following is aspecifica- 4. erein I have shown the tank as located tion. within a tank 9 capable of holding a suitable 10 This invention relates to the manufacture quantity of water, the water being heated by 0 paper coated on both sides with material any convenient means, as, for example, an capable of being-etched to produce reliefs electric heater 9 of common construction. suitable for use as matrices in subjecting 10 is a frame or rack adapted to stand printing plates to the McKee process. Great in the tank 4. Within the lower portion' 15. difficulty has heretofore been experienced in of the rack 10 is rotatably mounted a roller providing the paper base with coatings of 11. It is desirable that the roller 11 be uniform thickness and in handling the wet, as light as possible and that it turn very coated paper. freely in its bearings. 11 is a. lock of One object of this invention is to devise any suitable construction for locking the 20 a method for producing a high grade coated roller 11 against rotation at will. Above paper of great uniformity. and at one side of the roller 11 is a smaller Another object of this invention is to roller 12. 12 indicates a lock of any deprovide an apparatus by means of which the sired character for holding the roller 12 25 viated andahigh-grade product obtained. unwound from the roll A passes over the In "the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 guide roller 3, thence over the upper edge is a View of an apparatus embodying the o the partition 7, thence into contact with features of my invention. Fig. 2 illustrates the roller 12, and thence around the roller a clamp employedin the manufacture of the 11, the end of the web .being secured in a 30 paper. Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken apclamp 13 of any suitable construction. The

proximately in the plane of dotted line 3 form of clamp herein shown comprises two of Fig. 5. Fig. 4 is a view of a winding bars 14 faced with suitable material, as,'for drum comprised in the apparatus. Fig. 5 example, strawboard 15, said bars being is a transverse sectional view taken in the clamped at opposite sides of the end por- !5 plane of line 55 of Fig. 3. tion of the web by means of screws 16 and he paper to be coated may be of any wing nut 17. To OHQ'Of the bars 14 is sesuitable width, as, for example, eighteen curedasuspending loop 18. 10 are brackets inches, and is preferably supplied in the on the rack 10 to support a clamp 13. 1 form of rolls of "convenient diameter. In The means for drawing the web through 0 Fig. 1, A represents a roll of paper to be the tank 4 comprises two cables 19 and 20 secoated, the core of said roll having journals cured at their ends to a.winding drum 21 or trunnions A which are rotatably supportand oppositely wound upon the. drum. The ed in any suitable way, as, for example, in drum is rotatably mounted in suitable bearbrackets 1 attached to'a suitable fixed supings upon the support 2 and is adapted to 5 port 2. 3 is aguide roller on the support 2. be driven at relatively low speed by any eans is provided for unwinding paper suitable means, as, for example, the pulleys from the roll A and for drawing the paper 22 and 23, belt 24, worm drive 25, pulleys through a bath of suitable coating material. 26 and 27, and belt 28, the pulley 27 being ile various constructions may be emfixed to the armature shaft of a reversible ployed, I have. herein shown a tank 4 which electric motor' 29. 30 indicates a device of is divided into twp compartments 5 and 6 standard construction for starting, stopby means of a vertical partition 7. In the ping and reversing the motor. Each of the lower portion of the partition 7 is an opencables 19 and 20 extends over a guide puling 8 which establishes communication beley 31 secured to a suitable overhead supthe roll A, as,

. ward of the'tank I ed to the loop tank 4, the other permitted to rotate freely.

port, the pulleys 31 being located side by side and preferably slightly forward of the tank 4. (Onl one of the pulleys 31 is shown in the drawings.) To the free ends of the cables 19 and 20 are connected weights 32 and 33, respectively, each weight having a hook to engage the loop 18 of a clamp 13. \Vhen one of the weights is adjacent to the weight is adjacent to the suitable means may be emslight braking effect upon for example, a weighted bar 34 resting upon the periphery of the roll.

Assuming the parts to be in the position shown in ig. 1, the operation is as folpulleys 31. Any ployed to exert a lows: The motor 29 is energized to cause the clamp 13 to be drawn up to the ceiling, the rate of travel being uniform and relatively slow, as, for example, thirty inches per minute, in order that the drainage of surplus coating from the paper shall be uniform. As the weight 32 rises, the weight 33 descends. lnasmuch as the pulleys 31 are for- 1,, the descending weightdoes not come into contact with the ascending coated paper. \Vhen the weight 32 has nearly reached the pulleys 31, the'motor 29 is stopped; the lowered weight 33 and cable 20 are held out of the way of the operator in any suitable manner, and a clamp- 13 is placed upon the web, the ends of the clamp resting upon the brackets 10*. The web is then out just. above the last mentioned clamp, except for about one-fourth .of an inch at one edge; and the coated strip hanging from the first mentioned clamp 13 is removed by unhooking the loop 18 of said clamp from the. weight 32, the uncut portion of the strip tearing as the operator disengages the loop from the weight. A long pole may be used to disengage the loop 18 from the weight 32. The coated strip. is then suspended by engaging the loop 18 with a hook (not shown) fastened to the ceiling -or other suitable overhead support.

After the coated strip has been removed as just described, the weight 33 is connect- 18 of the clamp 13 which is resting upon the brackets 10, and the motor 29 is set in reverse operation, whereby the cable 20'is wound up and the cable 19 unwound. When the end of the web has been drawn up to the ceiling, another clamp 13 is placed upon the web adjacent to the brackets 10, and the coated portion removed as before described.

With narrow paper,-it is desirable that both rollers 11 and 12 be locked against rotation, particularly when the paper is deeply wire-marked. When twelve inches wide, the roller 11 should be With a web both rollers more than eighteen inches wide, 11 and 12 should rotate.

The wiping action of the stationary sub the paper is over --1,445,sse

and as much of such wiping should be employed as is practicable. However, the passage of the web over a stationary roller places tension upon the web, and this factor limits the amount of ing that can be permitted to occur. The wider the web the less tension should be placed upon the sub merged portion vent the formation of longitudinal strea from wrinkling, due to expansion of the paper when wet.' Also the thinner the paper, the less must be the tension.

The brake 34 is used only when the weight of the roll A has been materially reduced.

When beginning operations, the roll rs 11 and 12 are warmed by placing the-rack 10 adjacent to any convenient source of heat, after which the rack The web is then drawn through the space between the rollers and a clamp 13 secured to the end of the web. The rack is then carefully placed in the compartment 5, the lowered cable connected to the clamp, and the motor is started.

In order to prevent the formation of small pits in the coating, it is necessary to the coatingmaterial free from-particles of sarily greasy but not easily wet by water. The grinder, the coating machine, and. all utensils must be kept free from oil, grease and other substances not readily miscible with water.

In handling a coating high in sizing, it is difficult to prevent foaming. The difficulty may, however, be obviated or cured; by, avoiding violent agitation, by repeated skimming, and by using two the coating machine so that the compartment in which the paper is its supply from the bottom of the compartment into which the coating is poured.

To prevent variations in the thickness of the coating, which manifest horizontal streaks, it is necessary that the paper be drawn through the bath at a uni form rate. If the paper be drawn through the bath too rapidly, all directions.

The paper may 0 way; after which it is cut into venient size, as, for example, 12 x 18 or 11% x22%. The sheets are then calendered in any suitable manner, as, for example, by means of the plating method, a number of sheets being placed between zinc plates, and the whole run back and large cylinders under great pressure.

The coating process herein disclosed produces a paper which is coated on both s1des with a smoot etchable coating of umform thickness, and which will-not shrink after etching.

While he dried-in any suitable sheets of conis laid on the tank 1.

keep

compartments in themselves instreaks will form in forth between two of the web, in order to precoated receives aeasae as adapted for use in making McKee mat: rices, it will be understood that the paper has various other uses.

It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the constructions herein described, and that the dimensions, speed of operation and other quantitative features of the disclosure are merely illustrative.

I claim as my invention:

1. A web-coating machine having, in combination, a tank to contain coating material, web-guiding means submerged in the coating material, two cables, winding means arranged to wind and unwind both cables, one cable being unwound as the other is wound, each of said cables having means to engage the web, and overhead guiding means for the cables, said cables being arranged alternately to draw the end of the web to an elevated point.

2. A web-coating machine having, in combination web coating means, two cables, winding means arrangedto wind and unwind both cables, one cable being unwound as the other is wound, each of said cables having means to engage a web and said cables being arranged alternately to draw the end of the web to an elevated point, the motion of said web operating to coat the same.

3. A web-coating machine having, in combination, a tank tocontain coating material, a partition dividing said tank into two compartments, said partition having an opening in its lower portion establishing communication between the two compartments,

a removable frame having spaced supports adapted to stand submerged in one of said compartments, and a plurality of web guiding 'rollers journaled in the submerged portions of said supports.

4. A web-coating machine having, in combination, a. tank to contain coating material, a removable frame. supported upon the floor of said tank, and web-guiding means and a clamp support carried by said frame.

5. A web-coating machine having, in com-- bination, web-coating means, and two devices arranged to reciprocate in opposite di-- rections and each arranged to engage the end ofthe web to draw the end of the web to an elevated point, the elevation of the end of the web operating to coat the web.

6. The method of coating a. strip of material which comprises moving the stri into and out of a bath of coating materia and pressing against the strip first on one side and then on the other while it is submerged in the bath, as much of said pressure as the tensile properties of the strip will allow be-- ing accomplished by rubbing contact and the remainder being accomplished by rolling contact.

7. A unitary container for a coating bath comprising two compartments having an in-- tercommunicating passageway adjacent their lower ends, one of said compartments having a plugged opening for facilitating the emptying and cleaning of said container.

- 8. A web coating machine having, in combination, a tank to contain coating material, a removable frame supported upon the floor of said tank, and Web guiding means carried by said frame.

9. A. web coating machine having, in com-- bination, a tank to contain coating material, a partition dividing said tank into com-- partments, said partition having an open-- ing in its submerged portion establishing communication between the two compartments, a removable frame adapted to stand submerged in one of said compartments, a web guiding roller journaled in said frame, and locking means for preventing said roller from rotating as the web to be coated passes through the machine.

10. A web coating machine having, in combination, a tank to contain coating material, a partition dividing said tank into two compartments, said partition having an opening in its submerged portion establishing communication between the two compart-ments, a removable frame having spaced supports adapted to stand of said compartments, roller journaled in the of said supports.

11. In the manufacture of overlay and underlay paper, the method of coating a strip of paper which comprises moving the strip into and out of a bath of coating material and pressing the coating material against the strip while the latter is submerged in the bath, as much of said pressure as the tensile properties of the strip will allow being accomplished by rubbing contact and the remainder being accomplished by rolling contact.

In testimony whereof, l have hereunto set my hand.

submerged in one and a web guldmg submerged portions HENRY N. CASE. 

